mythril/README.md

# Mythril

<img height="60px" align="right" src="/static/mythril.png"/>

Mythril is a reverse engineering and bug hunting framework for the Ethereum blockchain.

## Installation and setup

Install from Pypi:

```bash
$ pip install mythril
```

Or, clone the GitHub repo to install the newest master branch:

```bash
$ git clone https://github.com/b-mueller/mythril/
$ cd mythril
$ python setup.py install
```

You also need a [go-ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum) node that is synced with the network (note that Mythril uses non-standard RPC APIs only supported by go-ethereum, so other clients likely won't work). Start the node as follows:

```bash
$ geth --rpc --rpcapi eth,debug --syncmode fast
```

### Database initialization

Mythril builds its own contract database to enable fast search operations. This is to enable operations like those described in the [legendary "Mitch Brenner" blog post](https://medium.com/@rtaylor30/how-i-snatched-your-153-037-eth-after-a-bad-tinder-date-d1d84422a50b) in seconds instead of days. Unfortunately, the initial sync process is slow. You don't need to sync the whole blockchain right away though: If you abort the syncing process with `ctrl+c`, it will be auto-resumed the next time you run the `--init-db` command.

```bash
$ myth --init-db
Starting synchronization from latest block: 4323706
Processing block 4323000, 3 individual contracts in database
(...)
```

Mythril retrieves contract data over RPC by default. You can switch to IPC using the `--ipc` flag.

The default behavior is to only sync contracts with a non-zero balance. You can disable this behavior with the `--sync-all` flag, but be aware that this will result in a huge (as in: dozens of GB) database.

## Command line usage

The Mythril command line tool (aptly named `myth`) allows you to conveniently access some of Mythril's functionality.

### Searching the database

The search feature allows you to find contract instances that contain specific function calls and opcode sequences. It supports simple boolean expressions, such as:

```bash
$ myth --search "func#changeMultisig(address)#"
$ myth --search "code#PUSH1 0x50,POP#"
$ myth --search "func#changeMultisig(address)# and code#PUSH1 0x50#"
```

### Disassembler

Use the `-d` flag to disassemble code. The disassembler accepts a bytecode string or a contract address as its input.

```bash
$ myth -d -c "$ ./myth -d -c "5060"
0 PUSH1 0x60
```

Specifying an address via `-a ADDRESS` will download the contract code from your node. Mythril will try to resolve function names using the signatures in `database/signature.json`:

```bash
$ myth -d -a "0x2a0c0dbecc7e4d658f48e01e3fa353f44050c208"
0 PUSH1 0x60
2 PUSH1 0x40
4 MSTORE
(...)
1135 - FUNCTION safeAdd(uint256,uint256) -
1136 CALLVALUE
1137 ISZERO
```

#### Finding cross-references

It is often useful to find other contracts referenced by a particular contract. E.g.:

```bash
$ myth --search "code#DELEGATECALL#"
Matched contract with code hash 07459966443977122e639cbf7804c446
Address: 0x76799f77587738bfeef09452df215b63d2cfb08a, balance: 1000000000000000
$ myth --xrefs 07459966443977122e639cbf7804c446
5b9e8728e316bbeb692d22daaab74f6cbf2c4691
```

### Symbolic execution

Mythril integrates the LASER symbolic virtual machine. Right now, this is mainly used for CFG generation. Use the `-g FILENAME` option generate a call graph:

```bash
$ myth -g ./graph -a "0xFa52274DD61E1643d2205169732f29114BC240b3"
```

![callgraph](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/b-mueller/mythril/master/static/callgraph2.png "Call graph")

Nodes in the resulting graph represent basic blocks while edges represent conditional and unconditional jumps.

## Custom scripts

By combining Mythril and [PyEthereum](https://github.com/ethereum/pyethereum) modules, you can automate more complex static and dynamic analysis tasks. Here is an [example](https://github.com/b-mueller/mythril/blob/master/examples/find-fallback-dcl.py).

## Issues

The database sync is currently not very efficient. 

- Using PyEthereum: I encountered issues syncing PyEthereum with Homestead. Also, PyEthApp only supports Python 2.7, which causes issues with other important packages.
- Accessing the Go-Ethereum LevelDB: This would be a great option. However, PyEthereum database code seems unable to deal with Go-Ethereum's LevelDB. It would take quite a bit of effort to figure this out.

I'm writing this in my spare time, so contributors would be highly welcome!

## Credit

- JSON RPC library is adapted from [ethjsonrpc](https://github.com/ConsenSys/ethjsonrpc) (it doesn't seem to be maintained anymore, and I needed to make some changes to it).

- The signature data in `signatures.json` has been obtained from the [Ethereum Function Signature Database](https://www.4byte.directory).

## Disclaimer: Act responsibly!

The purpose of project is to aid discovery of vulnerable smart contracts on the Ethereum mainnet and support research for novel security flaws. If you do find an exploitable issue or vulnerable contract instances, please [do the right thing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsible_disclosure). Also, note that vulnerability branding ("etherbleed", "chainshock",...) is highly discouraged as it will annoy the author and others in the security community.