Mythril

Mythril is a security analysis tool for Ethereum smart contracts. It uses concolic analysis to detect various types of issues. Use it to analyze source code or as a nmap-style black-box blockchain scanner (an "ethermap" if you will).

• Installation and setup
• Security analysis (EXPERIMENTAL)
• Control flow graph
• Input formats
  • Working with Solidity files
  • Working with on-chain contracts
• Blockchain exploration
  • Searching from the command line
  • Reading contract storge
• Utilities
  • Disassembler
  • Finding cross-references
  • Calculating function hashes
• Credit

Installation and setup

Install from Pypi:

$ pip install mythril

Or, clone the GitHub repo to install the newest master branch:

$ git clone https://github.com/b-mueller/mythril/
$ cd mythril
$ python setup.py install

Note that Mythril requires Python 3.5 to work.

Security analysis (EXPERIMENTAL)

Run myth -x with one of the input options described below to run the analysis. This will run the Python modules in the /analysis/modules directory. See also the list of security checks.

Control flow graph

The -g FILENAME option generates an interactive jsViz graph:

$ myth -g ./graph.html -a 0xEbFD99838cb0c132016B9E117563CB41f2B02264 -l

The "bounce" effect, while awesome (and thus enabled by default), sometimes messes up the graph layout. Try adding the --enable-physics flag for a very entertaining "bounce" effect that unfortunately completely destroys usability.

Input formats

Mythril can handle various sources and input formats, including bytecode, addresses of contracts on the blockchain, and Solidity source code files.

Working with Solidity files

In order to work with Solidity source code files, the solc command line compiler needs to be installed and in path. You can then provide the source file(s) as positional arguments, e.g.:

$ myth -x myContract.sol

Alternatively, compile the code on Remix and pass the runtime binary code to Mythril:

$ myth -x -c "0x5060(...)"

If you have multiple interdependent contracts, pass them to Mythril as separate input files. Mythril will map the first contract to address "0x0000(..)", the second one to "0x1111(...)", and so forth (make sure that contract addresses are set accordingly in the source). The contract passed in the first argument will be executed as the "main" contract.

$ myth -x myContract.sol myLibrary.sol

Working with on-chain contracts

To pull contracts from the blockchain you need an Ethereum node that is synced with the network. By default, Mythril will query a local node via RPC. Alternatively, you can connect to a remote service such as INFURA:

$ myth --rpchost=mainnet.infura.io/{API-KEY} --rpcport=443  --rpctls=True (... etc ...)

The recommended way is to use go-ethereum. Start your local node as follows:

$ geth --rpc --rpcapi eth,debug --syncmode fast

Specify the target contract with the -a option:

$ myth -x -a 0x5c436ff914c458983414019195e0f4ecbef9e6dd -v1
$ myth -g ./graph.html -a 0x5c436ff914c458983414019195e0f4ecbef9e6dd

Adding the -l flag will cause Mythril to automatically retrieve dependencies, such as library contracts, from the blockchain:

$  myth -x -a 0xEbFD99838cb0c132016B9E117563CB41f2B02264 -l -v1

Blockchain exploration

Mythril builds its own contract database to enable fast search operations. This enables operations like those described in the legendary "Mitch Brenner" blog post in seconds minutes instead of days. Unfortunately, the initial sync process is slow. You don't need to sync the whole blockchain right away though: If you abort the syncing process with ctrl+c, it will be auto-resumed the next time you run the --init-db command.

$ myth --init-db
Starting synchronization from latest block: 4323706
Processing block 4323000, 3 individual contracts in database
(...)

The default behavior is to only sync contracts with a non-zero balance. You can disable this behavior with the --sync-all flag, but be aware that this will result in a huge (as in: dozens of GB) database.

Searching from the command line

The search feature allows you to find contract instances that contain specific function calls and opcode sequences. It supports simple boolean expressions, such as:

$ myth --search "func#changeMultisig(address)#"
$ myth --search "code#PUSH1 0x50,POP#"
$ myth --search "func#changeMultisig(address)# and code#PUSH1 0x50#"

Reading contract storage

You can read the contents of storage slots from a deployed contract as follows.

./myth --storage 0 -a "0x76799f77587738bfeef09452df215b63d2cfb08a"
0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003

Utilities

Disassembler

Use the -d flag to disassemble code. The disassembler accepts a bytecode string or a contract address as its input.

$ myth -d -c "0x6060"
0 PUSH1 0x60

Specifying an address via -a ADDRESS will download the contract code from your node. Mythril will try to resolve function names using the signatures in database/signature.json:

$ myth -d -a "0x2a0c0dbecc7e4d658f48e01e3fa353f44050c208"
0 PUSH1 0x60
2 PUSH1 0x40
4 MSTORE
(...)
1135 - FUNCTION safeAdd(uint256,uint256) -
1136 CALLVALUE
1137 ISZERO

Finding cross-references

It is often useful to find other contracts referenced by a particular contract. E.g.:

$ myth --search "code#DELEGATECALL#"
Matched contract with code hash 07459966443977122e639cbf7804c446
Address: 0x76799f77587738bfeef09452df215b63d2cfb08a, balance: 1000000000000000
$ myth --xrefs -a 0x76799f77587738bfeef09452df215b63d2cfb08a
5b9e8728e316bbeb692d22daaab74f6cbf2c4691

Calculating function hashes

To print the Keccak hash for a given function signature:

$ myth --hash "setOwner(address)"
0x13af4035

Credit

• JSON RPC library is adapted from ethjsonrpc (it doesn't seem to be maintained anymore, and I needed to make some changes to it).

• The signature data in signatures.json has been obtained from the Ethereum Function Signature Database.