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581 lines
28 KiB
581 lines
28 KiB
# Pyhmy - Harmony's python utilities
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**This library only supports Python 3.6+**
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A Python library for interacting and working the [Harmony blockchain](https://harmony.one/)
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and [related codebases](https://github.com/harmony-one).
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[Full documentation is located on Harmony's GitBook](https://docs.harmony.one/) (in progress).
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## Installation
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```bash
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pip install pyhmy
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```
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On MacOS:
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Make sure you have Python3 installed, and use python3 to install pyhmy
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```bash
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sudo pip3 install pathlib
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sudo pip3 install pyhmy
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```
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## Development
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Clone the repository and then run the following:
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```bash
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make install
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```
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## Running tests
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Before you can run tests, you need the python dependencies (`make install`), `docker` and `go` installed to quickly run a local blockchain with staking enabled (detailed instructions [here](https://github.com/harmony-one/harmony/blob/main/README.md)):
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```bash
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mkdir -p $(go env GOPATH)/src/github.com/harmony-one
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cd $(go env GOPATH)/src/github.com/harmony-one
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git clone https://github.com/harmony-one/mcl.git
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git clone https://github.com/harmony-one/bls.git
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git clone https://github.com/harmony-one/harmony.git
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cd harmony
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make debug
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```
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Once the terminal displays a couple of `Started server` lines, use another shell to run the following tests
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```bash
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make test
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```
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Or directly with `pytest` (reference [here](https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/index.html) for more info):
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```bash
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pytest tests
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```
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## Releasing
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You can release this library with the following command (assuming you have the credentials to upload):
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```bash
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make release
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```
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## Usage
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```py
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test_net = 'https://api.s0.b.hmny.io' # this is shard 0
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test_net_shard_1 = 'https://api.s1.b.hmny.io'
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test_address = 'one18t4yj4fuutj83uwqckkvxp9gfa0568uc48ggj7'
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main_net = 'https://rpc.s0.t.hmny.io'
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main_net_shard_1 = 'https://rpc.s1.t.hmny.io'
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```
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#### utilities
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##### Address conversion
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```py
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from pyhmy import util
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hex_addr = util.convert_one_to_hex('one155jp2y76nazx8uw5sa94fr0m4s5aj8e5xm6fu3')
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one_addr = util.convert_hex_to_one('0xA5241513DA9F4463F1d4874b548dFBAC29D91f34')
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```
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##### Ether / Wei conversion
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```py
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from pyhmy import numbers
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one_ether_in_wei = numbers.convert_one_to_atto(1) # as a decimal.Decimal
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wei_to_ether = numbers.convert_atto_to_one(int(1e18))
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```
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#### accounts
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```py
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from pyhmy import account
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```
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##### Balance / account related information
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````py
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balance = account.get_balance(test_address, endpoint=test_net) # on shard 0, in ATTO
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total_balance = account.get_total_balance(test_address, endpoint=test_net) # on all shards, in ATTO
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balance_by_shard = account.get_balance_on_all_shards(test_address, endpoint=test_net) # list of dictionaries with shard and balance as keys
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genesis_balance = account.get_balance_by_block(test_address, block_num=0, endpoint=test_net)
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latest_balance = account.get_balance_by_block(test_address, block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net) # block_num can be a string 'latest', or 'pending', if implemented at the RPC level
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account_nonce = account.get_account_nonce(test_address, block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net)
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````
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##### Transaction counts
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````py
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tx_count = account.get_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='ALL', endpoint=test_net)
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sent_tx_count = account.get_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='SENT', endpoint=test_net)
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received_tx_count = account.get_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='RECEIVED', endpoint=test_net)
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legacy_tx_count = account.get_transaction_count(test_address, block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net) # API is legacy
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legacy_tx_count_pending = account.get_transaction_count(test_address, block_num='pending', endpoint=test_net)
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````
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##### Staking transaction counts
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````py
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stx_count = account.get_staking_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='ALL', endpoint=test_net)
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sent_stx_count = account.get_staking_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='SENT', endpoint=test_net)
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received_stx_count = account.get_staking_transactions_count(test_address, tx_type='RECEIVED', endpoint=test_net)
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````
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##### Transaction history
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To get a list of hashes, use `include_full_tx=False`
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````py
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first_100_tx_hashes = account.get_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To get the next 100 transactions, change the `page`
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```py
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next_100_tx_hashes = account.get_transaction_history(test_address, page=1, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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To get a list of full transaction details, use `include_full_tx=True` (see `get_transaction_by_hash` for the reply structure
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````py
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first_3_full_tx = account.get_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=3, include_full_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To get newest transactions, use `order='DESC'`
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````py
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last_3_full_tx = account.get_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=3, include_full_tx=True, order='DESC', endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To change the transaction type (SENT / RECEIVED / ALL), pass the `tx_type` parameter
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```py
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first_100_received_tx_hashes = account.get_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, tx_type='RECEIVED', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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##### Staking transaction history
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To get a list of staking hashes, use `include_full_tx=False`
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````py
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first_100_stx_hashes = account.get_staking_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To get the next 100 staking transactions, change the `page`
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```py
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next_100_stx_hashes = account.get_staking_transaction_history(test_address, page=1, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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To get a list of full staking transaction details, use `include_full_tx=True` (see `get_transaction_by_hash` for the reply structure
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````py
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first_3_full_stx = account.get_staking_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=3, include_full_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To get newest staking transactions, use `order='DESC'`
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````py
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last_3_full_stx = account.get_staking_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=3, include_full_tx=True, order='DESC', endpoint=test_net)
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````
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To change the staking transaction type (SENT / RECEIVED / ALL), pass the `tx_type` parameter
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```py
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first_100_received_stx_hashes = account.get_staking_transaction_history(test_address, page=0, page_size=100, include_full_tx=False, tx_type='RECEIVED', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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#### Blockchain
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```py
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from pyhmy import blockchain
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from decimal import Decimal
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```
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##### Node / network information
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```py
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chain_id = blockchain.chain_id(test_net) # chain type, for example, mainnet or testnet
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node_metadata = blockchain.get_node_metadata(test_net) # metadata about the endpoint
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peer_info = blockchain.get_peer_info(test_net) # peers of the endpoint
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protocol_version = blockchain.protocol_version(test_net) # protocol version being used
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num_peers = blockchain.get_num_peers(test_net) # number of peers of the endpoin
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version = blockchain.get_version(test_net) # EVM chain id, https://chainid.network
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is_node_in_sync = blockchain.in_sync(test_net) # whether the node is in sync (not out of sync or not syncing)
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is_beacon_in_sync = blockchain.beacon_in_sync(test_net) # whether the beacon node is in sync
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prestaking_epoch_number = blockchain.get_prestaking_epoch(test_net)
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staking_epoch_number = blockchain.get_staking_epoch(test_net)
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```
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##### Sharding information
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```py
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shard_id = blockchain.get_shard(test_net) # get shard id of the endpoint
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sharding_structure = blockchain.get_sharding_structure(test_net) # list of dictionaries, each representing a shard
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last_cross_links = blockchain.get_last_cross_links(test_net) # list of dictionaries for each shard except test_net
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```
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##### Current network status
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```py
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leader_address = blockchain.get_leader_address(test_net)
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is_last_block = blockchain.is_last_block(block_num=0, test_net)
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last_block_of_epoch5 = blockchain.epoch_last_block(block_num=5, test_net)
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circulating_supply = Decimal(blockchain.get_circulating_supply(test_net))
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premined = blockchain.get_total_supply(test_net) # should be None?
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current_block_num = blockchain.get_block_number(test_net)
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current_epoch = blockchain.get_current_epoch(test_net)
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gas_price = blockchain.get_gas_price(test_net) # this returns 1 always
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```
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##### Block headers
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```py
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latest_header = blockchain.get_latest_header(test_net) # header contains hash, number, cross links, signature, time, etc (see get_latest_header for a full list)
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latest_hash = latest_header['blockHash']
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latest_number = latest_header['blockNumber']
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previous_header = blockchain.get_header_by_number(latest_number-1, test_net)
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chain_headers = blockchain.get_latest_chain_headers(test_net_shard_1) # chain headers by beacon and shard
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```
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##### Blocks
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###### By block number
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Fetch the barebones information about the block as a dictionary
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```py
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latest_block = blockchain.get_block_by_number(block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch a block with full information (`full_tx=True`) for each transaction in the block
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```py
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block = blockchain.get_block_by_number(block_num=9017724, full_tx=True, include_tx=True, include_staking_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch a block and only staking transactions (`include_tx=False, include_staking_tx=True`) for the block
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```py
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block = blockchain.get_block_by_number(block_num='latest', include_tx=False, include_staking_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch block signer addresses (`include_signers=True`) as a list
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```py
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signers = blockchain.get_block_by_number(block_num=9017724, include_signers=True, endpoint=test_net)['signers']
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```
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Or, alternatively, use the direct `get_block_signers` method:
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```py
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signers = blockchain.get_block_signers(block_num=9017724, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch the public keys for signers
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```py
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signers_keys = blockchain.get_block_signers_keys(block_num=9017724, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Check if an address is a signer for a block
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```py
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is_block_signer = blockchain.is_block_signer(block_num=9017724, address='one1yc06ghr2p8xnl2380kpfayweguuhxdtupkhqzw', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch the number of blocks signed by a particular validator for the last epoch
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```py
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number_signed_blocks = blockchain.get_signed_blocks(address='one1yc06ghr2p8xnl2380kpfayweguuhxdtupkhqzw', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch a list of validators and their public keys for specific epoch number
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```py
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validators = blockchain.get_validators(epoch=12, endpoint=test_net)
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validator_keys = blockchain.get_validator_keys(epoch=12, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch number of transactions
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```py
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tx_count = blockchain.get_block_transaction_count_by_number(block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch number of staking transactactions
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```py
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stx_count = blockchain.get_block_staking_transaction_count_by_number(block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net)
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```
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Fetch a list of blocks using the block numbers
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```py
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blocks = blockchain.get_blocks(start_block=0, end_block=2, full_tx=False, include_tx=False, include_staking_tx=False, include_signers=False, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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###### By block hash
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Most of the functions described above can be applied for fetching information about a block whose hash is known, for example:
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```py
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block_hash = '0x44fa170c25f262697e5802098cd9eca72889a637ea52feb40c521f2681a6d720'
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block = blockchain.get_block_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, endpoint=test_net)
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block_with_full_tx = blockchain.get_block_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, full_tx=True, include_tx=True, include_staking_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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block_with_only_staking_tx = blockchain.get_block_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, include_tx=False, include_staking_tx=True, endpoint=test_net)
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signers = blockchain.get_block_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, include_signers=True, endpoint=test_net)['signers']
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tx_count = blockchain.get_block_transaction_count_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, endpoint=test_net)
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stx_count = blockchain.get_block_staking_transaction_count_by_hash(block_hash=block_hash, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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#### Staking
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```py
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from pyhmy import staking
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validator_addr = 'one1xjanr7lgulc0fqyc8dmfp6jfwuje2d94xfnzyd'
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delegator_addr = 'one1y2624lg0mpkxkcttaj0c85pp8pfmh2tt5zhdte'
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```
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##### Validation
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```py
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all_validators = staking.get_all_validator_addresses(endpoint=test_net) # list of addresses
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validator_information = staking.get_validator_information(validator_addr, endpoint=test_net) # dict with all info
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validator_information_100 = staking.get_all_validator_information(page=0, endpoint=test_net)
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elected_validators = staking.get_elected_validator_addresses(endpoint=test_net) # list of addresses
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validators_for_epoch = staking.get_validators(epoch=73772, endpoint=test_net) # dict with list of validators and balance
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validators_information_100_for_block = staking.get_all_validator_information_by_block_number(block_num=9017724, page=0, endpoint=test_net)
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validator_keys_for_epoch = staking.get_validator_keys(epoch=73772, endpoint=test_net) # list of public keys
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validator_information_at_block = staking.get_validator_information_by_block_number(validator_addr, block_num=9017724, endpoint=test_net)
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self_delegation = staking.get_validator_self_delegation(validator_addr, endpoint=test_net)
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total_delegation = staking.get_validator_total_delegation(validator_addr, endpoint=test_net)
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```
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##### Delegation
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```py
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delegation_information = staking.get_all_delegation_information(page=0, endpoint=test_net)
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delegations_by_delegator = staking.get_delegations_by_delegator(delegator_addr, test_net)
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delegations_by_delegator_at_block = staking.get_delegations_by_delegator_by_block_number(delegator_addr, block_num=9017724, endpoint=test_net)
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delegation_by_delegator_and_validator = staking.get_delegation_by_delegator_and_validator(delegator_addr, validator_addr, test_net)
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avail_redelegation_balance = staking.get_available_redelegation_balance(delegator_addr, test_net)
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delegations_by_validator = staking.get_delegations_by_validator(validator_addr, test_net) # list of delegations made to this validator, each a dictionary
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```
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##### Network
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```py
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utility_metrics = staking.get_current_utility_metrics(test_net)
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network_info = staking.get_staking_network_info(test_net)
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super_committees = staking.get_super_committees(test_net)
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super_committees_current = super_committees['current'] # list of voting committees as a dict
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super_committees_previous = super_committees['previous']
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total_staking = staking.get_total_staking(endpoint=test_net) # by all validators, only for beaconchain
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median_stake_snapshot = staking.get_raw_median_stake_snapshot(test_net)
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```
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##### Validator class
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Instantiate a validator object and load it from the chain
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```py
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from pyhmy.validator import Validator
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validator = Validator(validator_addr)
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validator.load_from_blockchain(test_net)
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```
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Create a new validator object and load from dictionary
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```py
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from pyhmy.numbers import convert_one_to_atto
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validator = Validator('one1a0x3d6xpmr6f8wsyaxd9v36pytvp48zckswvv9')
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info = {
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'name': 'Alice',
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'identity': 'alice',
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'website': 'alice.harmony.one',
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'details': "Don't mess with me!!!",
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'security-contact': 'Bob',
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'min-self-delegation': convert_one_to_atto(10000),
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'amount': convert_one_to_atto(10001),
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'max-rate': '0.9',
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'max-change-rate': '0.05',
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'rate': '0.01',
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'bls-public-keys': ['0xa20e70089664a874b00251c5e85d35a73871531306f3af43e02138339d294e6bb9c4eb82162199c6a852afeaa8d68712'],
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"bls-key-sigs": [
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"0xef2c49a2f31fbbd23c21bc176eaf05cd0bebe6832033075d81fea7cff6f9bc1ab42f3b6895c5493fe645d8379d2eaa1413de55a9d3ce412a4f747cb57d52cc4da4754bfb2583ec9a41fe5dd48287f964f276336699959a5fcef3391dc24df00d",
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]
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'max-total-delegation': convert_one_to_atto(40000)
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}
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validator.load(info)
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```
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Sign a validator creation transaction
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```py
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signed_create_tx_hash = validator.sign_create_validator_transaction(
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nonce = 2,
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gas_price = 1,
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gas_limit = 100,
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private_key = '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48',
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chain_id = 2).rawTransaction.hex()
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```
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To edit validator, change its parameters using the `setter` functions, for example, `validator.set_details`, except the `rate`, `bls_keys_to_add` and `bls_keys_to_remove` which can be passed to the below function:
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```py
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signed_edit_tx_hash = validator.sign_edit_validator_transaction(
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nonce = 2,
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gas_price = 1,
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gas_limit = 100,
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rate = '0.06',
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bls_key_to_add = "0xb8c3b3a0f1966c169ca73c348f4b8aee333a407125ab5c67f1d6e1e18ab052ed5fff0f1f7d4a7f789528b5ccd9c47b04",
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bls_key_to_add_sig = "0x3de4dff17451fb76a9690efce34bced97dd87eccd371fcd25335826cb879ca21281e82e5c2c76d4ef0ab0fc16e462312628834cbc1f29008b28e16a757367808be85180945b991be3103f98c14c7e3b3e54796d34aab4d8e812d440aa251c419",
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bls_keys_to_remove = '0xa20e70089664a874b00251c5e85d35a73871531306f3af43e02138339d294e6bb9c4eb82162199c6a852afeaa8d68712',
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private_key = '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48',
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chain_id = 2).rawTransaction.hex()
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import transaction
|
|
```
|
|
##### Pool
|
|
```py
|
|
pending_tx = transaction.get_pending_transactions(test_net)
|
|
pending_stx = transaction.get_pending_staking_transactions(test_net)
|
|
tx_error_sink = transaction.get_transaction_error_sink(test_net)
|
|
stx_error_sink = transaction.get_staking_transaction_error_sink(test_net)
|
|
pool_stats = transaction.get_pool_stats(test_net)
|
|
pending_cx_receipts = transaction.get_pending_cx_receipts(test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
##### Fetching transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
tx_hash = '0x500f7f0ee70f866ba7e80592c06b409fabd7ace018a9b755a7f1f29e725e4423'
|
|
block_hash = '0xb94bf6e8a8a970d4d42dfe42f7f231af0ff7fd54e7f410395e3b306f2d4000d4'
|
|
tx = transaction.get_transaction_by_hash(tx_hash, test_net) # dict with tx-level info like from / to / gas
|
|
tx_from_block_hash = transaction.get_transaction_by_block_hash_and_index(block_hash, tx_index=0, endpoint=test_net)
|
|
tx_from_block_number = transaction.get_transaction_by_block_number_and_index(9017724, tx_index=0, endpoint=test_net)
|
|
tx_receipt = transaction.get_transaction_receipt(tx_hash, test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
##### Fetching staking transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
stx_hash = '0x3f616a8ef34f111f11813630cdcccb8fb6643b2affbfa91d3d8dbd1607e9bc33'
|
|
block_hash = '0x294dc88c7b6f3125f229a3cfd8d9b788a0bcfe9409ef431836adcd83839ba9f0' # block number 9018043
|
|
stx = transaction.get_staking_transaction_by_hash(stx_hash, test_net)
|
|
stx_from_block_hash = transaction.get_staking_transaction_by_block_hash_and_index(block_hash, tx_index=0, endpoint=test_net)
|
|
stx_from_block_number = transaction.get_staking_transaction_by_block_number_and_index(9018043, tx_index=0, endpoint=test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
##### Cross shard transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
cx_hash = '0xd324cc57280411dfac5a7ec2987d0b83e25e27a3d5bb5d3531262387331d692b'
|
|
cx_receipt = transaction.get_cx_receipt_by_hash(cx_hash, main_net_shard_1) # the shard which receives the tx
|
|
tx_resent = transaction.resend_cx_receipt(cx_hash, main_net) # beacon chain
|
|
```
|
|
##### Sending transactions
|
|
Sign it with your private key and use `send_raw_transaction`
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import signing
|
|
tx = {
|
|
'chainId': 2,
|
|
'from': 'one18t4yj4fuutj83uwqckkvxp9gfa0568uc48ggj7',
|
|
'gas': 6721900,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1000000000,
|
|
'nonce': 6055,
|
|
'shardID': 0,
|
|
'to': 'one1ngt7wj57ruz7kg4ejp7nw8z7z6640288ryckh9',
|
|
'toShardID': 0,
|
|
'value': 500000000000000000000
|
|
}
|
|
transaction.send_raw_transaction(signing.sign_transaction(tx, '01F903CE0C960FF3A9E68E80FF5FFC344358D80CE1C221C3F9711AF07F83A3BD').rawTransaction.hex(), test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
A similar approach can be followed for staking transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import staking_structures, staking_signinge
|
|
tx = {
|
|
'chainId': 2,
|
|
'delegatorAddress': 'one18t4yj4fuutj83uwqckkvxp9gfa0568uc48ggj7',
|
|
'directive': staking_structures.Directive.CollectRewards,
|
|
'gasLimit': 6721900,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'nonce': 6056
|
|
}
|
|
transaction.send_raw_staking_transaction(staking_signing.sign_staking_transaction(tx, private_key = '01F903CE0C960FF3A9E68E80FF5FFC344358D80CE1C221C3F9711AF07F83A3BD').rawTransaction.hex(), test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
### Contracts
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import contract
|
|
from pyhmy.util import convert_one_to_hex
|
|
contract_addr = 'one1rcs4yy4kln53ux60qdeuhhvpygn2sutn500dhw'
|
|
```
|
|
Call a contract without saving state
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import numbers
|
|
result = contract.call(convert_one_to_hex(contract_addr), 'latest', value=hex(int(numbers.convert_one_to_atto(5)))
|
|
, gas_price=hex(1), gas=hex(100000), endpoint=test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
Estimate gas required for a smart contract call
|
|
```py
|
|
estimated_gas = contract.estimate_gas(convert_one_to_hex(contract_addr), endpoint=test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
Fetch the byte code of the contract
|
|
```py
|
|
byte_code = contract.get_code(convert_one_to_hex(contract_addr), 'latest', endpoint=test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
Get storage in the contract at `key`
|
|
```py
|
|
storage = contract.get_storage_at(convert_one_to_hex(contract_addr), key='0x0', block_num='latest', endpoint=test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
Calling a function on a contract needs the contract ABI. The ABI can be obtained by compiling the contract.
|
|
```py
|
|
from web3 import Web3
|
|
from web3 import providers
|
|
from pyhmy.util import convert_one_to_hex
|
|
contract_abi = '[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"manager","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"pickWinner","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"getPlayers","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address[]"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"enter","outputs":[],"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"players","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"}]'
|
|
w3 = Web3(providers.HTTPProvider(test_net))
|
|
lottery = w3.eth.contract(abi=contract_abi, address=convert_one_to_hex('one1rcs4yy4kln53ux60qdeuhhvpygn2sutn500dhw'))
|
|
lottery.functions.getPlayers().call()
|
|
```
|
|
To actually participate in a contract, you can sign a transaction from your account to it.
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import signing
|
|
contract_addr = 'one1rcs4yy4kln53ux60qdeuhhvpygn2sutn500dhw'
|
|
tx = {
|
|
'chainId': 2,
|
|
'from': 'one18t4yj4fuutj83uwqckkvxp9gfa0568uc48ggj7',
|
|
'gas': 6721900,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1000000000,
|
|
'nonce': 6054,
|
|
'shardID': 0,
|
|
'to': contract_addr,
|
|
'toShardID': 0,
|
|
'value': 500000000000000000000
|
|
}
|
|
tx_hash = transaction.send_raw_transaction(signing.sign_transaction(tx, '01F903CE0C960FF3A9E68E80FF5FFC344358D80CE1C221C3F9711AF07F83A3BD').rawTransaction.hex(), test_net)
|
|
```
|
|
To deploy a contract, sign a transaction from your account without a `to` field and with the byte code as `data` and send it.
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import signing
|
|
from pyhmy import transaction
|
|
contract_tx = {
|
|
'chainId': 2, # test net data
|
|
'data': '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', # Migrations.sol
|
|
'from': 'one18t4yj4fuutj83uwqckkvxp9gfa0568uc48ggj7',
|
|
'gas': 6721900,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1000000000,
|
|
'nonce': 6049,
|
|
'shardID': 0,
|
|
'toShardID': 0
|
|
}
|
|
ctx_hash = transaction.send_raw_transaction(signing.sign_transaction(contract_tx, private_key = '01F903CE0C960FF3A9E68E80FF5FFC344358D80CE1C221C3F9711AF07F83A3BD').rawTransaction.hex(), test_net)
|
|
# the below may be need a time gap before the transaction reaches the chain
|
|
contract_address = transaction.get_transaction_receipt(ctx_hash, test_net)['contractAddress']
|
|
```
|
|
### Signing transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import signing
|
|
```
|
|
Create a `transaction_dict` with the parameters, and supply your private key to sign (but not submit) a transaction. A signed transaction can be submitted using `transaction.sendRawTransaction`.
|
|
```py
|
|
transaction_dict = {
|
|
'nonce': 2,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'gas': 100, # signing.py uses Ether, which by default calls it gas
|
|
'to': '0x14791697260e4c9a71f18484c9f997b308e59325',
|
|
'value': 5,
|
|
'shardID': 0,
|
|
'toShardID': 1,
|
|
'chainId': 'HmyMainnet'
|
|
}
|
|
signed_tx = signing.sign_transaction(transaction_dict, private_key = '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48')
|
|
signed_hash = signed_tx.rawTransaction.hex()
|
|
```
|
|
For a transaction with is Ethereum-like, the `shardID` and `toShardID` are optional, which implies that the transaction is not cross-shard.
|
|
```py
|
|
transaction_dict = {
|
|
'nonce': 2,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'gas': 100, # signing.py uses Ether, which by default calls it gas
|
|
'to': '0x14791697260e4c9a71f18484c9f997b308e59325',
|
|
'value': 5,
|
|
}
|
|
signed_tx = signing.sign_transaction(transaction_dict, private_key = '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48')
|
|
signed_hash = signed_tx.rawTransaction.hex()
|
|
```
|
|
The `chainId` parameter is also optional, and [according to Ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/eth-account/blob/00e7b10005c5fa7090086fcef37a76296c524e17/eth_account/_utils/transactions.py#L122), it should not be passed if "you want a transaction that can be replayed across networks." A full list of the possible values of `chainId` is provided below. You can pass either the `str` or the `int`. The RPC API may, however, reject the transaction, which is why it is recommended to pass either `1` or `2` for `mainnet` and `testnet` respectively.
|
|
```py
|
|
Default = 0,
|
|
EthMainnet = 1,
|
|
Morden = 2,
|
|
Ropsten = 3,
|
|
Rinkeby = 4,
|
|
RootstockMainnet = 30,
|
|
RootstockTestnet = 31,
|
|
Kovan = 42,
|
|
EtcMainnet = 61,
|
|
EtcTestnet = 62,
|
|
Geth = 1337,
|
|
Ganache = 0,
|
|
HmyMainnet = 1,
|
|
HmyTestnet = 2,
|
|
HmyLocal = 2,
|
|
HmyPangaea = 3,
|
|
```
|
|
### Signing staking transactions
|
|
```py
|
|
from pyhmy import staking_structures, staking_signing
|
|
```
|
|
To sign a transaction to collect rewards, supply the dictionary containing the `delegatorAddress` and the private key.
|
|
```py
|
|
transaction_dict = {
|
|
'directive': staking_structures.Directive.CollectRewards,
|
|
'delegatorAddress': 'one1a0x3d6xpmr6f8wsyaxd9v36pytvp48zckswvv9',
|
|
'nonce': 2,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'gasLimit': 100,
|
|
}
|
|
signed_tx = staking_signing.sign_staking_transaction(transaction_dict, private_key = '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48')
|
|
```
|
|
To sign a transaction to delegate or undelegate, supply the dictionary containing the `delegatorAddress`, the `validatorAddress`, the `amount` to delegate or undelegate, and the private key.
|
|
```py
|
|
transaction_dict = {
|
|
'directive': staking_structures.Directive.Delegate,
|
|
'delegatorAddress': 'one1a0x3d6xpmr6f8wsyaxd9v36pytvp48zckswvv9',
|
|
'validatorAddress': 'one1xjanr7lgulc0fqyc8dmfp6jfwuje2d94xfnzyd',
|
|
'amount': 5,
|
|
'nonce': 2,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'gasLimit': 100,
|
|
}
|
|
signed_tx = staking_signing.sign_staking_transaction(transaction_dict, '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48')
|
|
transaction_dict = {
|
|
'directive': staking_structures.Directive.Undelegate,
|
|
'delegatorAddress': 'one1a0x3d6xpmr6f8wsyaxd9v36pytvp48zckswvv9',
|
|
'validatorAddress': 'one1xjanr7lgulc0fqyc8dmfp6jfwuje2d94xfnzyd',
|
|
'amount': 5,
|
|
'nonce': 2,
|
|
'gasPrice': 1,
|
|
'gasLimit': 100,
|
|
}
|
|
signed_tx = staking_signing.sign_staking_transaction(transaction_dict, '4edef2c24995d15b0e25cbd152fb0e2c05d3b79b9c2afd134e6f59f91bf99e48')
|
|
```
|
|
For validator-related transactions, see the [section on the Validator class](#validator-class).
|
|
## Keeping your private key safe
|
|
You need `eth-keyfile` installed
|
|
```bash
|
|
pip install eth-keyfile
|
|
```
|
|
In a `Python` shell, you can save or load the key into / from a key file.
|
|
```py
|
|
import eth_keyfile
|
|
from eth_utils import to_bytes, to_hex
|
|
import json
|
|
keyfile = eth_keyfile.create_keyfile_json(to_bytes(hexstr='01F903CE0C960FF3A9E68E80FF5FFC344358D80CE1C221C3F9711AF07F83A3BD'), b'password')
|
|
with open('keyfile.json', 'w+') as outfile:
|
|
json.dump(keyfile, outfile)
|
|
|
|
private_key = to_hex(eth_keyfile.extract_key_from_keyfile('keyfile.json', b'password'))[2:].upper()
|
|
```
|
|
|