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# Slither, the Solidity source analyzer
<img src="./logo.png" alt="Logo" width="500"/>
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/crytic/slither/master/logo.png" alt="Logo" width="500"/>
[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/crytic/slither/ci.yml?branch=master)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/actions?query=workflow%3ACI)
[![Slack Status](https://empireslacking.herokuapp.com/badge.svg)](https://empireslacking.herokuapp.com)
@ -20,26 +21,29 @@ Slither is a Solidity static analysis framework written in Python3. It runs a su
## Features
* Detects vulnerable Solidity code with low false positives (see the list of [trophies](./trophies.md))
* Identifies where the error condition occurs in the source code
* Easily integrates into continuous integration and Hardhat/Foundry builds
* Built-in 'printers' quickly report crucial contract information
* Detector API to write custom analyses in Python
* Ability to analyze contracts written with Solidity >= 0.4
* Intermediate representation ([SlithIR](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/SlithIR)) enables simple, high-precision analyses
* Correctly parses 99.9% of all public Solidity code
* Average execution time of less than 1 second per contract
* Integrates with Github's code scanning in [CI](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/slither-action)
- Detects vulnerable Solidity code with low false positives (see the list of [trophies](./trophies.md))
- Identifies where the error condition occurs in the source code
- Easily integrates into continuous integration and Hardhat/Foundry builds
- Built-in 'printers' quickly report crucial contract information
- Detector API to write custom analyses in Python
- Ability to analyze contracts written with Solidity >= 0.4
- Intermediate representation ([SlithIR](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/SlithIR)) enables simple, high-precision analyses
- Correctly parses 99.9% of all public Solidity code
- Average execution time of less than 1 second per contract
- Integrates with Github's code scanning in [CI](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/slither-action)
## Usage
Run Slither on a Hardhat/Foundry/Dapp/Brownie application:
```bash
slither .
```
This is the preferred option if your project has dependencies as Slither relies on the underlying compilation framework to compile source code.
However, you can run Slither on a single file that does not import dependencies:
```bash
slither tests/uninitialized.sol
```
@ -79,118 +83,122 @@ docker run -it -v /home/share:/share trailofbits/eth-security-toolbox
```
### Integration
- For GitHub action integration, use [slither-action](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/slither-action).
- To generate a Markdown report, use `slither [target] --checklist`.
- To generate a Markdown with GitHub source code highlighting, use `slither [target] --checklist --markdown-root https://github.com/ORG/REPO/blob/COMMIT/` (replace `ORG`, `REPO`, `COMMIT`)
## Detectors
Num | Detector | What it Detects | Impact | Confidence
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | `abiencoderv2-array` | [Storage abiencoderv2 array](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#storage-abiencoderv2-array) | High | High
2 | `arbitrary-send-erc20` | [transferFrom uses arbitrary `from`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#arbitrary-from-in-transferfrom) | High | High
3 | `array-by-reference` | [Modifying storage array by value](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#modifying-storage-array-by-value) | High | High
4 | `incorrect-shift` | [The order of parameters in a shift instruction is incorrect.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-shift-in-assembly) | High | High
5 | `multiple-constructors` | [Multiple constructor schemes](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#multiple-constructor-schemes) | High | High
6 | `name-reused` | [Contract's name reused](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#name-reused) | High | High
7 | `protected-vars` | [Detected unprotected variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#protected-variables) | High | High
8 | `public-mappings-nested` | [Public mappings with nested variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-mappings-with-nested-variables) | High | High
9 | `rtlo` | [Right-To-Left-Override control character is used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#right-to-left-override-character) | High | High
10 | `shadowing-state` | [State variables shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing) | High | High
11 | `suicidal` | [Functions allowing anyone to destruct the contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#suicidal) | High | High
12 | `uninitialized-state` | [Uninitialized state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-state-variables) | High | High
13 | `uninitialized-storage` | [Uninitialized storage variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-storage-variables) | High | High
14 | `unprotected-upgrade` | [Unprotected upgradeable contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unprotected-upgradeable-contract) | High | High
15 | `codex` | [Use Codex to find vulnerabilities.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#codex) | High | Low
16 | `arbitrary-send-erc20-permit` | [transferFrom uses arbitrary from with permit](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#arbitrary-from-in-transferfrom-used-with-permit) | High | Medium
17 | `arbitrary-send-eth` | [Functions that send Ether to arbitrary destinations](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#functions-that-send-ether-to-arbitrary-destinations) | High | Medium
18 | `controlled-array-length` | [Tainted array length assignment](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#array-length-assignment) | High | Medium
19 | `controlled-delegatecall` | [Controlled delegatecall destination](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#controlled-delegatecall) | High | Medium
20 | `delegatecall-loop` | [Payable functions using `delegatecall` inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#payable-functions-using-delegatecall-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
21 | `msg-value-loop` | [msg.value inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#msgvalue-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
22 | `reentrancy-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities) | High | Medium
23 | `storage-array` | [Signed storage integer array compiler bug](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#storage-signed-integer-array) | High | Medium
24 | `unchecked-transfer` | [Unchecked tokens transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-transfer) | High | Medium
25 | `weak-prng` | [Weak PRNG](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#weak-PRNG) | High | Medium
26 | `domain-separator-collision` | [Detects ERC20 tokens that have a function whose signature collides with EIP-2612's DOMAIN_SEPARATOR()](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#domain-separator-collision) | Medium | High
27 | `enum-conversion` | [Detect dangerous enum conversion](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-enum-conversion) | Medium | High
28 | `erc20-interface` | [Incorrect ERC20 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc20-interface) | Medium | High
29 | `erc721-interface` | [Incorrect ERC721 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc721-interface) | Medium | High
30 | `incorrect-equality` | [Dangerous strict equalities](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-strict-equalities) | Medium | High
31 | `locked-ether` | [Contracts that lock ether](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#contracts-that-lock-ether) | Medium | High
32 | `mapping-deletion` | [Deletion on mapping containing a structure](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#deletion-on-mapping-containing-a-structure) | Medium | High
33 | `shadowing-abstract` | [State variables shadowing from abstract contracts](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing-from-abstract-contracts) | Medium | High
34 | `tautology` | [Tautology or contradiction](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#tautology-or-contradiction) | Medium | High
35 | `write-after-write` | [Unused write](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#write-after-write) | Medium | High
36 | `boolean-cst` | [Misuse of Boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#misuse-of-a-boolean-constant) | Medium | Medium
37 | `constant-function-asm` | [Constant functions using assembly code](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-using-assembly-code) | Medium | Medium
38 | `constant-function-state` | [Constant functions changing the state](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-changing-the-state) | Medium | Medium
39 | `divide-before-multiply` | [Imprecise arithmetic operations order](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#divide-before-multiply) | Medium | Medium
40 | `reentrancy-no-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (no theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-1) | Medium | Medium
41 | `reused-constructor` | [Reused base constructor](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reused-base-constructors) | Medium | Medium
42 | `tx-origin` | [Dangerous usage of `tx.origin`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-usage-of-txorigin) | Medium | Medium
43 | `unchecked-lowlevel` | [Unchecked low-level calls](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-low-level-calls) | Medium | Medium
44 | `unchecked-send` | [Unchecked send](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-send) | Medium | Medium
45 | `uninitialized-local` | [Uninitialized local variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-local-variables) | Medium | Medium
46 | `unused-return` | [Unused return values](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-return) | Medium | Medium
47 | `incorrect-modifier` | [Modifiers that can return the default value](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-modifier) | Low | High
48 | `shadowing-builtin` | [Built-in symbol shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#builtin-symbol-shadowing) | Low | High
49 | `shadowing-local` | [Local variables shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#local-variable-shadowing) | Low | High
50 | `uninitialized-fptr-cst` | [Uninitialized function pointer calls in constructors](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-function-pointers-in-constructors) | Low | High
51 | `variable-scope` | [Local variables used prior their declaration](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#pre-declaration-usage-of-local-variables) | Low | High
52 | `void-cst` | [Constructor called not implemented](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#void-constructor) | Low | High
53 | `calls-loop` | [Multiple calls in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#calls-inside-a-loop) | Low | Medium
54 | `events-access` | [Missing Events Access Control](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-events-access-control) | Low | Medium
55 | `events-maths` | [Missing Events Arithmetic](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-events-arithmetic) | Low | Medium
56 | `incorrect-unary` | [Dangerous unary expressions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-unary-expressions) | Low | Medium
57 | `missing-zero-check` | [Missing Zero Address Validation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-zero-address-validation) | Low | Medium
58 | `reentrancy-benign` | [Benign reentrancy vulnerabilities](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-2) | Low | Medium
59 | `reentrancy-events` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities leading to out-of-order Events](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-3) | Low | Medium
60 | `timestamp` | [Dangerous usage of `block.timestamp`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#block-timestamp) | Low | Medium
61 | `assembly` | [Assembly usage](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assembly-usage) | Informational | High
62 | `assert-state-change` | [Assert state change](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assert-state-change) | Informational | High
63 | `boolean-equal` | [Comparison to boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#boolean-equality) | Informational | High
64 | `cyclomatic-complexity` | [Detects functions with high (> 11) cyclomatic complexity](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#cyclomatic-complexity) | Informational | High
65 | `deprecated-standards` | [Deprecated Solidity Standards](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#deprecated-standards) | Informational | High
66 | `erc20-indexed` | [Un-indexed ERC20 event parameters](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unindexed-erc20-event-parameters) | Informational | High
67 | `function-init-state` | [Function initializing state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#function-initializing-state) | Informational | High
68 | `low-level-calls` | [Low level calls](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#low-level-calls) | Informational | High
69 | `missing-inheritance` | [Missing inheritance](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-inheritance) | Informational | High
70 | `naming-convention` | [Conformity to Solidity naming conventions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#conformance-to-solidity-naming-conventions) | Informational | High
71 | `pragma` | [If different pragma directives are used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#different-pragma-directives-are-used) | Informational | High
72 | `redundant-statements` | [Redundant statements](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#redundant-statements) | Informational | High
73 | `solc-version` | [Incorrect Solidity version](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-versions-of-solidity) | Informational | High
74 | `unimplemented-functions` | [Unimplemented functions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unimplemented-functions) | Informational | High
75 | `unused-state` | [Unused state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-state-variable) | Informational | High
76 | `costly-loop` | [Costly operations in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#costly-operations-inside-a-loop) | Informational | Medium
77 | `dead-code` | [Functions that are not used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dead-code) | Informational | Medium
78 | `reentrancy-unlimited-gas` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities through send and transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-4) | Informational | Medium
79 | `similar-names` | [Variable names are too similar](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#variable-names-too-similar) | Informational | Medium
80 | `too-many-digits` | [Conformance to numeric notation best practices](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#too-many-digits) | Informational | Medium
81 | `constable-states` | [State variables that could be declared constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-constant) | Optimization | High
82 | `external-function` | [Public function that could be declared external](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-function-that-could-be-declared-external) | Optimization | High
83 | `immutable-states` | [State variables that could be declared immutable](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-immutable) | Optimization | High
84 | `var-read-using-this` | [Contract reads its own variable using `this`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Vulnerabilities-Description#public-variable-read-in-external-context) | Optimization | High
4 | `encode-packed-collision` | [ABI encodePacked Collision](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#abi-encodePacked-collision) | High | High
5 | `incorrect-shift` | [The order of parameters in a shift instruction is incorrect.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-shift-in-assembly) | High | High
6 | `multiple-constructors` | [Multiple constructor schemes](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#multiple-constructor-schemes) | High | High
7 | `name-reused` | [Contract's name reused](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#name-reused) | High | High
8 | `protected-vars` | [Detected unprotected variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#protected-variables) | High | High
9 | `public-mappings-nested` | [Public mappings with nested variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-mappings-with-nested-variables) | High | High
10 | `rtlo` | [Right-To-Left-Override control character is used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#right-to-left-override-character) | High | High
11 | `shadowing-state` | [State variables shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing) | High | High
12 | `suicidal` | [Functions allowing anyone to destruct the contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#suicidal) | High | High
13 | `uninitialized-state` | [Uninitialized state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-state-variables) | High | High
14 | `uninitialized-storage` | [Uninitialized storage variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-storage-variables) | High | High
15 | `unprotected-upgrade` | [Unprotected upgradeable contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unprotected-upgradeable-contract) | High | High
16 | `codex` | [Use Codex to find vulnerabilities.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#codex) | High | Low
17 | `arbitrary-send-erc20-permit` | [transferFrom uses arbitrary from with permit](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#arbitrary-from-in-transferfrom-used-with-permit) | High | Medium
18 | `arbitrary-send-eth` | [Functions that send Ether to arbitrary destinations](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#functions-that-send-ether-to-arbitrary-destinations) | High | Medium
19 | `controlled-array-length` | [Tainted array length assignment](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#array-length-assignment) | High | Medium
20 | `controlled-delegatecall` | [Controlled delegatecall destination](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#controlled-delegatecall) | High | Medium
21 | `delegatecall-loop` | [Payable functions using `delegatecall` inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#payable-functions-using-delegatecall-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
22 | `msg-value-loop` | [msg.value inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#msgvalue-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
23 | `reentrancy-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities) | High | Medium
24 | `storage-array` | [Signed storage integer array compiler bug](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#storage-signed-integer-array) | High | Medium
25 | `unchecked-transfer` | [Unchecked tokens transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-transfer) | High | Medium
26 | `weak-prng` | [Weak PRNG](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#weak-PRNG) | High | Medium
27 | `domain-separator-collision` | [Detects ERC20 tokens that have a function whose signature collides with EIP-2612's DOMAIN_SEPARATOR()](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#domain-separator-collision) | Medium | High
28 | `enum-conversion` | [Detect dangerous enum conversion](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-enum-conversion) | Medium | High
29 | `erc20-interface` | [Incorrect ERC20 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc20-interface) | Medium | High
30 | `erc721-interface` | [Incorrect ERC721 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc721-interface) | Medium | High
31 | `incorrect-equality` | [Dangerous strict equalities](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-strict-equalities) | Medium | High
32 | `locked-ether` | [Contracts that lock ether](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#contracts-that-lock-ether) | Medium | High
33 | `mapping-deletion` | [Deletion on mapping containing a structure](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#deletion-on-mapping-containing-a-structure) | Medium | High
34 | `shadowing-abstract` | [State variables shadowing from abstract contracts](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing-from-abstract-contracts) | Medium | High
35 | `tautology` | [Tautology or contradiction](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#tautology-or-contradiction) | Medium | High
36 | `write-after-write` | [Unused write](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#write-after-write) | Medium | High
37 | `boolean-cst` | [Misuse of Boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#misuse-of-a-boolean-constant) | Medium | Medium
38 | `constant-function-asm` | [Constant functions using assembly code](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-using-assembly-code) | Medium | Medium
39 | `constant-function-state` | [Constant functions changing the state](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-changing-the-state) | Medium | Medium
40 | `divide-before-multiply` | [Imprecise arithmetic operations order](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#divide-before-multiply) | Medium | Medium
41 | `reentrancy-no-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (no theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-1) | Medium | Medium
42 | `reused-constructor` | [Reused base constructor](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reused-base-constructors) | Medium | Medium
43 | `tx-origin` | [Dangerous usage of `tx.origin`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-usage-of-txorigin) | Medium | Medium
44 | `unchecked-lowlevel` | [Unchecked low-level calls](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-low-level-calls) | Medium | Medium
45 | `unchecked-send` | [Unchecked send](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-send) | Medium | Medium
46 | `uninitialized-local` | [Uninitialized local variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-local-variables) | Medium | Medium
47 | `unused-return` | [Unused return values](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-return) | Medium | Medium
48 | `incorrect-modifier` | [Modifiers that can return the default value](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-modifier) | Low | High
49 | `shadowing-builtin` | [Built-in symbol shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#builtin-symbol-shadowing) | Low | High
50 | `shadowing-local` | [Local variables shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#local-variable-shadowing) | Low | High
51 | `uninitialized-fptr-cst` | [Uninitialized function pointer calls in constructors](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-function-pointers-in-constructors) | Low | High
52 | `variable-scope` | [Local variables used prior their declaration](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#pre-declaration-usage-of-local-variables) | Low | High
53 | `void-cst` | [Constructor called not implemented](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#void-constructor) | Low | High
54 | `calls-loop` | [Multiple calls in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#calls-inside-a-loop) | Low | Medium
55 | `events-access` | [Missing Events Access Control](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-events-access-control) | Low | Medium
56 | `events-maths` | [Missing Events Arithmetic](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-events-arithmetic) | Low | Medium
57 | `incorrect-unary` | [Dangerous unary expressions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-unary-expressions) | Low | Medium
58 | `missing-zero-check` | [Missing Zero Address Validation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-zero-address-validation) | Low | Medium
59 | `reentrancy-benign` | [Benign reentrancy vulnerabilities](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-2) | Low | Medium
60 | `reentrancy-events` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities leading to out-of-order Events](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-3) | Low | Medium
61 | `timestamp` | [Dangerous usage of `block.timestamp`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#block-timestamp) | Low | Medium
62 | `assembly` | [Assembly usage](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assembly-usage) | Informational | High
63 | `assert-state-change` | [Assert state change](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assert-state-change) | Informational | High
64 | `boolean-equal` | [Comparison to boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#boolean-equality) | Informational | High
65 | `cyclomatic-complexity` | [Detects functions with high (> 11) cyclomatic complexity](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#cyclomatic-complexity) | Informational | High
66 | `deprecated-standards` | [Deprecated Solidity Standards](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#deprecated-standards) | Informational | High
67 | `erc20-indexed` | [Un-indexed ERC20 event parameters](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unindexed-erc20-event-parameters) | Informational | High
68 | `function-init-state` | [Function initializing state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#function-initializing-state) | Informational | High
69 | `incorrect-using-for` | [Detects using-for statement usage when no function from a given library matches a given type](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-using-for-usage) | Informational | High
70 | `low-level-calls` | [Low level calls](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#low-level-calls) | Informational | High
71 | `missing-inheritance` | [Missing inheritance](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-inheritance) | Informational | High
72 | `naming-convention` | [Conformity to Solidity naming conventions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#conformance-to-solidity-naming-conventions) | Informational | High
73 | `pragma` | [If different pragma directives are used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#different-pragma-directives-are-used) | Informational | High
74 | `redundant-statements` | [Redundant statements](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#redundant-statements) | Informational | High
75 | `solc-version` | [Incorrect Solidity version](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-versions-of-solidity) | Informational | High
76 | `unimplemented-functions` | [Unimplemented functions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unimplemented-functions) | Informational | High
77 | `unused-state` | [Unused state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-state-variable) | Informational | High
78 | `costly-loop` | [Costly operations in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#costly-operations-inside-a-loop) | Informational | Medium
79 | `dead-code` | [Functions that are not used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dead-code) | Informational | Medium
80 | `reentrancy-unlimited-gas` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities through send and transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-4) | Informational | Medium
81 | `similar-names` | [Variable names are too similar](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#variable-names-too-similar) | Informational | Medium
82 | `too-many-digits` | [Conformance to numeric notation best practices](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#too-many-digits) | Informational | Medium
83 | `cache-array-length` | [Detects `for` loops that use `length` member of some storage array in their loop condition and don't modify it.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#cache-array-length) | Optimization | High
84 | `constable-states` | [State variables that could be declared constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-constant) | Optimization | High
85 | `external-function` | [Public function that could be declared external](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-function-that-could-be-declared-external) | Optimization | High
86 | `immutable-states` | [State variables that could be declared immutable](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-immutable) | Optimization | High
87 | `var-read-using-this` | [Contract reads its own variable using `this`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-variable-read-in-external-context) | Optimization | High
For more information, see
- The [Detector Documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation) for details on each detector
- The [Detection Selection](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Usage#detector-selection) to run only selected detectors. By default, all the detectors are run.
- The [Triage Mode](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Usage#triage-mode) to filter individual results
## Printers
### Quick Review Printers
- `human-summary`: [Print a human-readable summary of the contracts](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#human-summary)
- `inheritance-graph`: [Export the inheritance graph of each contract to a dot file](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#inheritance-graph)
- `contract-summary`: [Print a summary of the contracts](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#contract-summary)
- `loc`: [Count the total number lines of code (LOC), source lines of code (SLOC), and comment lines of code (CLOC) found in source files (SRC), dependencies (DEP), and test files (TEST).](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#loc)
### In-Depth Review Printers
- `call-graph`: [Export the call-graph of the contracts to a dot file](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#call-graph)
- `cfg`: [Export the CFG of each functions](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#cfg)
- `function-summary`: [Print a summary of the functions](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#function-summary)
- `vars-and-auth`: [Print the state variables written and the authorization of the functions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#variables-written-and-authorization)
- `when-not-paused`: [Print functions that do not use `whenNotPaused` modifier](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#when-not-paused).
- `not-pausable`: [Print functions that do not use `whenNotPaused` modifier](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#when-not-paused).
To run a printer, use `--print` and a comma-separated list of printers.
@ -204,32 +212,36 @@ See the [Printer documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Printer-d
- `slither-check-erc`: [Check the ERC's conformance](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/ERC-Conformance)
- `slither-format`: [Automatic patch generation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Slither-format)
- `slither-read-storage`: [Read storage values from contracts](./slither/tools/read_storage/README.md)
- `slither-interface`: [Generate an interface for a contract](./slither/tools/interface/README.md)
See the [Tool documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Tool-Documentation) for additional tools.
[Contact us](https://www.trailofbits.com/contact/) to get help on building custom tools.
## API Documentation
Documentation on Slither's internals is available [here](https://crytic.github.io/slither/slither.html).
## Getting Help
Feel free to stop by our [Slack channel](https://empireslacking.herokuapp.com) (#ethereum) for help using or extending Slither.
* The [Printer documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation) describes the information Slither is capable of visualizing for each contract.
- The [Printer documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation) describes the information Slither is capable of visualizing for each contract.
* The [Detector documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Adding-a-new-detector) describes how to write a new vulnerability analyses.
- The [Detector documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Adding-a-new-detector) describes how to write a new vulnerability analyses.
* The [API documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Python-API) describes the methods and objects available for custom analyses.
- The [API documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Python-API) describes the methods and objects available for custom analyses.
* The [SlithIR documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/SlithIR) describes the SlithIR intermediate representation.
- The [SlithIR documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/SlithIR) describes the SlithIR intermediate representation.
## FAQ
How do I exclude mocks or tests?
- View our documentation on [path filtering](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Usage#path-filtering).
How do I fix "unknown file" or compilation issues?
- Because slither requires the solc AST, it must have all dependencies available.
If a contract has dependencies, `slither contract.sol` will fail.
Instead, use `slither .` in the parent directory of `contracts/` (you should see `contracts/` when you run `ls`).
@ -244,9 +256,11 @@ Slither is licensed and distributed under the AGPLv3 license. [Contact us](mailt
## Publications
### Trail of Bits publication
- [Slither: A Static Analysis Framework For Smart Contracts](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.09878), Josselin Feist, Gustavo Grieco, Alex Groce - WETSEB '19
### External publications
Title | Usage | Authors | Venue | Code
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
[ReJection: A AST-Based Reentrancy Vulnerability Detection Method](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339354823_ReJection_A_AST-Based_Reentrancy_Vulnerability_Detection_Method) | AST-based analysis built on top of Slither | Rui Ma, Zefeng Jian, Guangyuan Chen, Ke Ma, Yujia Chen | CTCIS 19

21
slither/tools/interface/README.md
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@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
# Slither-interface
Generates code for a Solidity interface from contract
## Usage
Run `slither-interface <ContractName> <source file or deployment address>`.
## CLI Interface
```shell
positional arguments:
contract_source The name of the contract (case sensitive) followed by the deployed contract address if verified on etherscan or project directory/filename for local contracts.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--unroll-structs Whether to use structures' underlying types instead of the user-defined type
--exclude-events Excludes event signatures in the interface
--exclude-errors Excludes custom error signatures in the interface
--exclude-enums Excludes enum definitions in the interface
--exclude-structs Exclude struct definitions in the interface
```

9
slither/tools/interface/__main__.py
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@ -86,10 +86,11 @@ def main() -> None:
)
# add version pragma
interface = (
f"pragma solidity {_contract.compilation_unit.pragma_directives[0].version};\n\n"
+ interface
)
if _contract.compilation_unit.pragma_directives:
interface = (
f"pragma solidity {_contract.compilation_unit.pragma_directives[0].version};\n\n"
+ interface
)
# write interface to file
export = Path("crytic-export", "interfaces")

33
slither/tools/read_storage/README.md
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@ -8,20 +8,29 @@ Slither-read-storage is a tool to retrieve the storage slots and values of entir
```shell
positional arguments:
contract_source (DIR) ADDRESS The deployed contract address if verified on etherscan. Prepend project directory for unverified contracts.
contract_source The deployed contract address if verified on etherscan. Prepend project directory for unverified contracts.
optional arguments:
--variable-name VARIABLE_NAME The name of the variable whose value will be returned.
--rpc-url RPC_URL An endpoint for web3 requests.
--key KEY The key/ index whose value will be returned from a mapping or array.
--deep-key DEEP_KEY The key/ index whose value will be returned from a deep mapping or multidimensional array.
--struct-var STRUCT_VAR The name of the variable whose value will be returned from a struct.
--storage-address STORAGE_ADDRESS The address of the storage contract (if a proxy pattern is used).
--contract-name CONTRACT_NAME The name of the logic contract.
--json FILE Write the entire storage layout in JSON format to the specified FILE
--value Toggle used to include values in output.
--max-depth MAX_DEPTH Max depth to search in data structure.
--block BLOCK_NUMBER Block number to retrieve storage from (requires archive rpc node)
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--variable-name VARIABLE_NAME
The name of the variable whose value will be returned.
--rpc-url RPC_URL An endpoint for web3 requests.
--key KEY The key/ index whose value will be returned from a mapping or array.
--deep-key DEEP_KEY The key/ index whose value will be returned from a deep mapping or multidimensional array.
--struct-var STRUCT_VAR
The name of the variable whose value will be returned from a struct.
--storage-address STORAGE_ADDRESS
The address of the storage contract (if a proxy pattern is used).
--contract-name CONTRACT_NAME
The name of the logic contract.
--json JSON Save the result in a JSON file.
--value Toggle used to include values in output.
--table Print table view of storage layout
--silent Silence log outputs
--max-depth MAX_DEPTH
Max depth to search in data structure.
--block BLOCK The block number to read storage from. Requires an archive node to be provided as the RPC url.
--unstructured Include unstructured storage slots
```
### Examples

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