Slither is a Solidity static analysis framework written in Python3. It runs a suite of vulnerability detectors, prints visual information about contract details, and provides an API to easily write custom analyses. Slither enables developers to find vulnerabilities, enhance their code comprehension, and quickly prototype custom analyses.
If you're **not** going to use one of the [supported compilation frameworks](https://github.com/crytic/crytic-compile), you need [solc](https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/), the Solidity compiler; we recommend using [solc-select](https://github.com/crytic/solc-select) to conveniently switch between solc versions.
git clone https://github.com/crytic/slither.git && cd slither
python3 setup.py install
```
We recommend using a Python virtual environment, as detailed in the [Developer Installation Instructions](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Developer-installation), if you prefer to install Slither via git.
### Using Docker
Use the [`eth-security-toolbox`](https://github.com/trailofbits/eth-security-toolbox/) docker image. It includes all of our security tools and every major version of Solidity in a single image. `/home/share` will be mounted to `/share` in the container.
```bash
docker pull trailofbits/eth-security-toolbox
```
To share a directory in the container:
```bash
docker run -it -v /home/share:/share trailofbits/eth-security-toolbox
- For GitHub action integration, use [slither-action](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/slither-action).
- To generate a Markdown report, use `slither [target] --checklist`.
- To generate a Markdown with GitHub source code highlighting, use `slither [target] --checklist --markdown-root https://github.com/ORG/REPO/blob/COMMIT/` (replace `ORG`, `REPO`, `COMMIT`)
3 | `array-by-reference` | [Modifying storage array by value](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#modifying-storage-array-by-value) | High | High
4 | `incorrect-shift` | [The order of parameters in a shift instruction is incorrect.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-shift-in-assembly) | High | High
5 | `multiple-constructors` | [Multiple constructor schemes](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#multiple-constructor-schemes) | High | High
6 | `name-reused` | [Contract's name reused](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#name-reused) | High | High
7 | `protected-vars` | [Detected unprotected variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#protected-variables) | High | High
8 | `public-mappings-nested` | [Public mappings with nested variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-mappings-with-nested-variables) | High | High
9 | `rtlo` | [Right-To-Left-Override control character is used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#right-to-left-override-character) | High | High
10 | `shadowing-state` | [State variables shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing) | High | High
11 | `suicidal` | [Functions allowing anyone to destruct the contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#suicidal) | High | High
12 | `uninitialized-state` | [Uninitialized state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-state-variables) | High | High
13 | `uninitialized-storage` | [Uninitialized storage variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-storage-variables) | High | High
14 | `unprotected-upgrade` | [Unprotected upgradeable contract](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unprotected-upgradeable-contract) | High | High
15 | `codex` | [Use Codex to find vulnerabilities.](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#codex) | High | Low
16 | `arbitrary-send-erc20-permit` | [transferFrom uses arbitrary from with permit](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#arbitrary-from-in-transferfrom-used-with-permit) | High | Medium
17 | `arbitrary-send-eth` | [Functions that send Ether to arbitrary destinations](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#functions-that-send-ether-to-arbitrary-destinations) | High | Medium
18 | `controlled-array-length` | [Tainted array length assignment](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#array-length-assignment) | High | Medium
19 | `controlled-delegatecall` | [Controlled delegatecall destination](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#controlled-delegatecall) | High | Medium
20 | `delegatecall-loop` | [Payable functions using `delegatecall` inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#payable-functions-using-delegatecall-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
21 | `msg-value-loop` | [msg.value inside a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#msgvalue-inside-a-loop) | High | Medium
22 | `reentrancy-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities) | High | Medium
23 | `storage-array` | [Signed storage integer array compiler bug](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#storage-signed-integer-array) | High | Medium
24 | `unchecked-transfer` | [Unchecked tokens transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-transfer) | High | Medium
25 | `weak-prng` | [Weak PRNG](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#weak-PRNG) | High | Medium
26 | `domain-separator-collision` | [Detects ERC20 tokens that have a function whose signature collides with EIP-2612's DOMAIN_SEPARATOR()](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#domain-separator-collision) | Medium | High
27 | `enum-conversion` | [Detect dangerous enum conversion](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-enum-conversion) | Medium | High
28 | `erc20-interface` | [Incorrect ERC20 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc20-interface) | Medium | High
29 | `erc721-interface` | [Incorrect ERC721 interfaces](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-erc721-interface) | Medium | High
30 | `incorrect-equality` | [Dangerous strict equalities](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-strict-equalities) | Medium | High
31 | `locked-ether` | [Contracts that lock ether](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#contracts-that-lock-ether) | Medium | High
32 | `mapping-deletion` | [Deletion on mapping containing a structure](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#deletion-on-mapping-containing-a-structure) | Medium | High
33 | `shadowing-abstract` | [State variables shadowing from abstract contracts](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variable-shadowing-from-abstract-contracts) | Medium | High
34 | `tautology` | [Tautology or contradiction](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#tautology-or-contradiction) | Medium | High
35 | `write-after-write` | [Unused write](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#write-after-write) | Medium | High
36 | `boolean-cst` | [Misuse of Boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#misuse-of-a-boolean-constant) | Medium | Medium
37 | `constant-function-asm` | [Constant functions using assembly code](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-using-assembly-code) | Medium | Medium
38 | `constant-function-state` | [Constant functions changing the state](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#constant-functions-changing-the-state) | Medium | Medium
39 | `divide-before-multiply` | [Imprecise arithmetic operations order](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#divide-before-multiply) | Medium | Medium
40 | `reentrancy-no-eth` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities (no theft of ethers)](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-1) | Medium | Medium
41 | `reused-constructor` | [Reused base constructor](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reused-base-constructors) | Medium | Medium
42 | `tx-origin` | [Dangerous usage of `tx.origin`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dangerous-usage-of-txorigin) | Medium | Medium
43 | `unchecked-lowlevel` | [Unchecked low-level calls](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-low-level-calls) | Medium | Medium
44 | `unchecked-send` | [Unchecked send](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unchecked-send) | Medium | Medium
45 | `uninitialized-local` | [Uninitialized local variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-local-variables) | Medium | Medium
46 | `unused-return` | [Unused return values](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-return) | Medium | Medium
47 | `incorrect-modifier` | [Modifiers that can return the default value](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#incorrect-modifier) | Low | High
48 | `shadowing-builtin` | [Built-in symbol shadowing](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#builtin-symbol-shadowing) | Low | High
50 | `uninitialized-fptr-cst` | [Uninitialized function pointer calls in constructors](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#uninitialized-function-pointers-in-constructors) | Low | High
51 | `variable-scope` | [Local variables used prior their declaration](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#pre-declaration-usage-of-local-variables) | Low | High
52 | `void-cst` | [Constructor called not implemented](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#void-constructor) | Low | High
53 | `calls-loop` | [Multiple calls in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation/#calls-inside-a-loop) | Low | Medium
59 | `reentrancy-events` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities leading to out-of-order Events](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-3) | Low | Medium
60 | `timestamp` | [Dangerous usage of `block.timestamp`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#block-timestamp) | Low | Medium
61 | `assembly` | [Assembly usage](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assembly-usage) | Informational | High
62 | `assert-state-change` | [Assert state change](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#assert-state-change) | Informational | High
63 | `boolean-equal` | [Comparison to boolean constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#boolean-equality) | Informational | High
68 | `missing-inheritance` | [Missing inheritance](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#missing-inheritance) | Informational | High
69 | `naming-convention` | [Conformity to Solidity naming conventions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#conformance-to-solidity-naming-conventions) | Informational | High
70 | `pragma` | [If different pragma directives are used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#different-pragma-directives-are-used) | Informational | High
71 | `redundant-statements` | [Redundant statements](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#redundant-statements) | Informational | High
73 | `unimplemented-functions` | [Unimplemented functions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unimplemented-functions) | Informational | High
74 | `unused-state` | [Unused state variables](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#unused-state-variable) | Informational | High
75 | `costly-loop` | [Costly operations in a loop](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#costly-operations-inside-a-loop) | Informational | Medium
76 | `dead-code` | [Functions that are not used](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#dead-code) | Informational | Medium
77 | `reentrancy-unlimited-gas` | [Reentrancy vulnerabilities through send and transfer](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#reentrancy-vulnerabilities-4) | Informational | Medium
78 | `similar-names` | [Variable names are too similar](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#variable-names-too-similar) | Informational | Medium
79 | `too-many-digits` | [Conformance to numeric notation best practices](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#too-many-digits) | Informational | Medium
80 | `constable-states` | [State variables that could be declared constant](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-constant) | Optimization | High
81 | `external-function` | [Public function that could be declared external](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#public-function-that-could-be-declared-external) | Optimization | High
82 | `immutable-states` | [State variables that could be declared immutable](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation#state-variables-that-could-be-declared-immutable) | Optimization | High
83 | `var-read-using-this` | [Contract reads its own variable using `this`](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Vulnerabilities-Description#public-variable-read-in-external-context) | Optimization | High
- The [Detector Documentation](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Detector-Documentation) for details on each detector
- The [Detection Selection](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Usage#detector-selection) to run only selected detectors. By default, all the detectors are run.
- The [Triage Mode](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Usage#triage-mode) to filter individual results
-`human-summary`: [Print a human-readable summary of the contracts](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#human-summary)
-`inheritance-graph`: [Export the inheritance graph of each contract to a dot file](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#inheritance-graph)
-`contract-summary`: [Print a summary of the contracts](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#contract-summary)
### In-Depth Review Printers
-`call-graph`: [Export the call-graph of the contracts to a dot file](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#call-graph)
-`cfg`: [Export the CFG of each functions](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#cfg)
-`function-summary`: [Print a summary of the functions](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#function-summary)
-`vars-and-auth`: [Print the state variables written and the authorization of the functions](https://github.com/crytic/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#variables-written-and-authorization)
-`when-not-paused`: [Print functions that do not use `whenNotPaused` modifier](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation#when-not-paused).
* The [Printer documentation](https://github.com/trailofbits/slither/wiki/Printer-documentation) describes the information Slither is capable of visualizing for each contract.
Slither is licensed and distributed under the AGPLv3 license. [Contact us](mailto:opensource@trailofbits.com) if you're looking for an exception to the terms.
[ReJection: A AST-Based Reentrancy Vulnerability Detection Method](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339354823_ReJection_A_AST-Based_Reentrancy_Vulnerability_Detection_Method) | AST-based analysis built on top of Slither | Rui Ma, Zefeng Jian, Guangyuan Chen, Ke Ma, Yujia Chen | CTCIS 19
[MPro: Combining Static and Symbolic Analysis forScalable Testing of Smart Contract](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.00570.pdf) | Leverage data dependency through Slither | William Zhang, Sebastian Banescu, Leodardo Pasos, Steven Stewart, Vijay Ganesh | ISSRE 2019
[ETHPLOIT: From Fuzzing to Efficient Exploit Generation against Smart Contracts](https://wcventure.github.io/FuzzingPaper/Paper/SANER20_ETHPLOIT.pdf) | Leverage data dependency through Slither | Qingzhao Zhang, Yizhuo Wang, Juanru Li, Siqi Ma | SANER 20
[Verification of Ethereum Smart Contracts: A Model Checking Approach](http://www.ijmlc.org/vol10/977-AM0059.pdf) | Symbolic execution built on top of Slither’s CFG | Tam Bang, Hoang H Nguyen, Dung Nguyen, Toan Trieu, Tho Quan | IJMLC 20
[Demystifying Loops in Smart Contracts](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/uploads/prod/2020/08/loops_solidity__camera_ready-5f3fec3f15c69.pdf) | Leverage data dependency through Slither | Ben Mariano, Yanju Chen, Yu Feng, Shuvendu Lahiri, Isil Dillig | ASE 20
[Trace-Based Dynamic Gas Estimation of Loops in Smart Contracts](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=9268144) | Use Slither’s CFG to detect loops | Chunmiao Li, Shijie Nie, Yang Cao, Yijun Yu, Zhenjiang Hu | IEEE Open J. Comput. Soc. 1 (2020)
[SAILFISH: Vetting Smart Contract State-Inconsistency Bugs in Seconds](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.08638.pdf) | Rely on SlithIR to build a *storage dependency graph* | Priyanka Bose, Dipanjan Das, Yanju Chen, Yu Feng, Christopher Kruegel, and Giovanni Vigna | S&P 22
[SolType: Refinement Types for Arithmetic Overflow in Solidity](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.00677) | Use Slither as frontend to build refinement type system | Bryan Tan, Benjamin Mariano, Shuvendu K. Lahiri, Isil Dillig, Yu Feng | POPL 22
[Do Not Rug on Me: Leveraging Machine Learning Techniques for Automated Scam Detection](https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/6/949) | Use Slither to extract tokens' features (mintable, pausable, ..) | Mazorra, Bruno, Victor Adan, and Vanesa Daza | Mathematics 10.6 (2022)
If you are using Slither on an academic work, consider applying to the [Crytic $10k Research Prize](https://blog.trailofbits.com/2019/11/13/announcing-the-crytic-10k-research-prize/).
